CB radios have a range of about 3 miles (4.8km) to 20 miles (32km) depending on terrain, for line of sight communication; however, various radio propagation conditions may intermittently allow communication over much greater distances. CB operators have communicated across thousands of miles and sometimes around the world. By the mid-1960s "mixer" circuits made frequency-synthesized radios possible, which reduced cost and allowed full coverage of all 23channels with a smaller number of crystals (typically14). [18] On January 1, 1982, the American 40channel band plan was adopted. If you are planning on transmitting, you will need a radio that has been modified to transmit or a dedicated CB Radio. It is rarely used to refer to the basically never-used 11 meter shortwave broadcast band roughly defined internationally as 25670 kHz to 26100 kHz or 25.67 MHz to 26.1 MHz. It is also illegal to use these radios outside of the Amateur Radio bands by anyone in the US, since they are not type-certified for other radio services and usually exceed authorized power limits. This is my first antenna project in the year of 2000 at the time i was active on 'Free-Band' 11 meter with some nice 'DXing', The original design is to be found on the internet, i do not remember the URL. McCall's "Convoy" and Laurie Lingo & The Dipsticks "Convoy GB" in 1976 (both of which were Top5 hits). Here we have collected some links to building instructions for 11m antennas on the Internet. Where a nine-foot whip is undesirable, shorter antennas include loading coils to make the antenna impedance the same as a physically longer antenna. Most CB radios sold in the United States have the following features: 27MHz is a relatively long wavelength for mobile communications, and the choice of antenna has a considerable impact on the performance of a CB radio. When UHF CB was first legalised the 27MHz CB Band was intended to be closed to Australian CBers in 1982 and only the 477MHz UHF band was to continue, however this did not eventuate. Further information: High frequency beacon, Part 15 beacons - 22m and 11m bands, and Part 95 Class C RCRS type systems that operate as de facto beacons on the six 26-28 MHz RC frequencies 26995, 27045, 27095, 27145 and 27255. shortwave) band. 26.945 MHz AM - Lower channel for local nets, hunting clubs, AM DX, etc. The first CB club in Australia was the Charlie Brown Touring Car Club (CBTCC),[19] which formed in Morwell, Victoria in 1967 and consisted mainly of four-wheel drive enthusiasts. South Africa also permits use of standard CB channels1927 (27.18527.275MHz) with AM / SSB permitted. The rules regarding non-approved radios and power levels above 4Watts on AM/FM and 12Watts on SSB still apply, despite deregulation. Channel9 is reserved for emergencies, and channel11 is a calling channel. However, frequencies such as 27.005MHz AM are widely pirated in Japan with very high power transmitters. Freebanding is done with modified CB or amateur equipment, foreign CB radios which may offer different channels, or with radios intended for export. [21], Source:[22] Drivers (especially commercial truckers) used CB radios to locate service stations with better supplies of fuel, to notify other drivers of speed traps, and to organize blockades and convoys in a 1974 strike protesting the new speed limit and other trucking regulations. 27.125 is another very popular frequency for beacons 27.125 beacon 27.125 MHz beacon. Single-sideband (SSB) operation involves the selection of either the Lower Side Band (LSB) or the Upper Side Band (USB) mode for transmit and receive. New Zealand authorizes use of their New Zealand specific 40channel 26.33026.770MHz frequency plan in addition to the "standard" 40channel 26.96527.405MHz frequency plan for a total of 80HF CB channels. seems they have much much better ears/rx than cb's/export . The same publisher produced a magazine called RADIO! The technology has also given way to more compact CB radios with far more features afforded in older models. Members of the CBTCC formed what became known as Australian Citizens Radio Movement (ACRM) in the early 1970s; this organization became the voice for legalization of CB radio throughout Australia. Prefix Lists. Originally, the U.S. had 23CB channels; the 40channel band plan was implemented in 1977. A few operators still illegally utilize the 40CB channels. Transmitter power is limited to 4watts in the US and the EU. A fullwave antenna on the 11 meter band is 36 foot long but I have never once heard of anyone using a fullwave on the 11 meter band. I'm 37 years old and have own a lot of deffrent ground plan antennas. Freeband 11 Meter Frequencies and Bands While some export radios - sold as 10 meter radios - often cover frequencies above and below the 25.615-28.305 MHz range, that is the de facto "standard" export band alphanumeric plan. The 27MHz frequencies used by CB, which require a relatively long aerial and tend to propagate poorly indoors, discourage the use of handheld radios. Channels1014 and 23, after channel9 was reserved for emergency use. Although this band belongs to the same HF as the 10m band, it is often used for FM broadcasting instead of the SSB communication similar to the 10m band. Legal operation in one country may be illegal in another; for example, in the UK until June2014 only 80FM channels were legal. This page has been accessed 106,570 times. except channel9, which was usually colored red. On 1September 1987 the UK added the usual 40frequencies (26.96527.405MHz) used worldwide, for a total of 80channels at 27MHz; antenna regulations were further relaxed, and the 934MHz band was withdrawn in 1998. Several channels are allocated for maritime use in Australia. Today, the primary purpose of a callbook is to allow radio operators to send a confirmation post card, called a QSL card, to an operator with whom they have communicated via radio. The 11 meter band is used by both CB radio, as well as free band unlicensed hobbyists, Church radio broadcasts in Ireland and elsewhere in Europe, the military, for studio-to-transmitter links (STLs), data links, buoys, fishnet tracking systems, pagers and other non-voice purposes. The General Radio Service was authorized in 1962. The first 477MHz CB radio in 1977 was designed and made in Australia by Philips TMC and was a 40channel CB called the FM320. FM operations in the 10 meter Amateur Radio Service band are mainly conducted on the spectrum between 29.5~29.7 MHz. Before CB was authorized in Australia, hand-held 27-MHz "walkie-talkies" were available, which used several frequencies between the present CB channels, such as 27.240MHz. The SE-10MB can also be adjusted to operate on the 11 Meter band. By the late 1960s, advances in solid-state electronics allowed the weight, size, and cost of the radios to fall, giving the public access to a communications medium previously only available to specialists. In the early 1970s Radio Shack sold a "base station" CB radio that contained a crystal for each of the 23channels, two extra slots existed, and one could order the 22A & 22B crystals for an easy plug-in. [14] Most highway travelers monitor channel19. To Optimize for 11 meter performance assemble the antenna with the 12" optimizer section installed between the mid and top section as a 4 piece antenna. Other regional cities such as Bendigo, Mildura, Mount Gambier and Port Augusta, developed lively, colourful CB radio communities. I tend not to believe what I hear on the CB but this guy As in Germany, digital modes are allowed on certain frequencies. In Stephen King's story The Stand, [53]Ralph Brentner's radio signal from Boulder, Colorado was able to be received over CB. The regulations called for one licence per CB radio. Although licenses may be required, eligibility is generally simple. ", "(CB Rule7) On what channels may I operate? Citizens band radio (also known as CB radio), used in many countries, is a land mobile radio system, a system allowing short-distance one-to-many bidirectional voice communication among individuals, using two-way radios operating on 40channels near 27MHz (11m) in the high frequency (a.k.a. Building and experimenting with antennas can be an interesting part of the radio hobby. The old specification was often used in false advertising by some manufacturers who would claim their CB radios had "5watts" long after the specification had changed to 4watts output. scantheband Member May 17, 2007 62 0 16 USA Mar 24, 2009 #2 Check out a Yaesu FT-757GX. Most contemporary radios built for those markets can do "fives" as well as "zeroes" out of the box. They typically have a knob and display that reads up to channel40, but include an extra band selector that shifts all 40channels above or below the band and a "+10kHz" button to reach the model control "A"channels. [24][25], In Canada, the General Radio Service uses the identical frequencies and modes as the United States citizens band, and no special provisions are required for either Canadians or Americans using CB gear while traveling across the border. Click picture for ordering and additional information. There was much controversy over whether the Coast Guard should monitor CB radio, but for safety they did so, using Motorola base stations at their search and rescue stations. [6] There are several other classes of personal radio services for specialized purposes (such as remote control devices). [43] This restriction used to exist to keep CB as a local (line-of-sight) radio service; however, in the United States the restriction has been dropped. Al Gross established the Citizens Radio Corporation during the late 1940s to manufacture classB handhelds for the general public. New Zealand and Japan have unique allocations compared to any other country. Many truckers use two co-phased antennas, mounted on their outside mirrors. South Africa has a 23channel AM / SSB 29MHz CB allocation (called "29 Megs" or "29 MHz CB") from 29.710 to 29.985MHz in 12.5kHz steps. The BIG difference between 11-meters and the Ham bands is the Calling frequency which is 27.555 Mhz Let me remind you of the 11-meter procedure: 1. The ground radials replace the vehicle body (which is the counterpoise for a mobile whip in a typical vehicle installation). CB radio in the UK was deregulated in December2006 by the regulatory body Ofcom, and CB radio in the UK is now license-free. CB's inventor, Al Gross, made the ceremonial first legal British CB call from Trafalgar Square in London. Indonesia has the usual 40channels at 27MHz, plus a unique 60-channel allocation from 142.050 to 143.525MHz.[38]. VHF radios are recommended by state agencies, such as Marine Safety Victoria and Marine Rescue NSW. Many freeband operators use amateur radios modified to transmit out of band, which is illegal in some countries. for RadioShack stores in the mid-1990s. Under this class assignment, a CB radio is classified as a "Personal Radio Service device". The radio is normally in receive mode to receive transmissions of other radios on the channel; when users want to talk they press a "push to talk" button on their radio, which turns on their transmitter. The bands are typically lettered A through F, with the normal citizens band as D. For example, a freebander with an export radio who wants to use 27.635MHz would choose channel19 (27.185MHz) and then shift the radio up one band (+450kHz). Unlike the 10 Meter Band, access to these frequencies are unrestricted by the FCC, hence the name "Citizen's Band". 7.200 to . This causes interference to the authorized low-power 1Watt DSB (1Watt AM) fishery radio service. The citizens band radio service originated in the United States as one of several personal radio services regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). [12]:12 Channel10 was originally often used for highway travel communications east of the Mississippi River, and channel19 west of the Mississippi; channel19 then became the preferred highway channel in most areas, as it did not have adjacent-channel interference problems with channel9. For the convenience of users of the grid were marked by letters. The Australian government has changed the allocation of channels available for UHF CB Radio from 40 to 80, and doubled the number of repeater channels from 8 to 16. In Russia, it is channel15 (in addition to traditional emergency channel9 and truckers' channel19), in Greece it is channel13, in Italy it is channel5, all AM. Licence needed: No; Good emergency choice: No; Amateur Radio (Ham) 1.8 - 1300 MHz With Gaps In Between It does not require a license like other transmitters. However voluntary donations are welcome, to cover costs for running and maintaining the system. [28], In Malaysia, citizens band radios became legal when the "Notification of Issuance Of Class Assignments" by Communication and Multimedia Malaysia was published on 1April 2000. [12]:120 During this early period, many CB radios had "inter-station" channels colored on their dials, while the other channels were clear or normally colored. Image1. [7] CB clubs were formed; a CB slang language evolved alongside ten-code, similar to those used in emergency services. [8] The radios were crucial for independent truckers; many were paid by the mile, and the 55mph speed limit lowered their productivity. Just keep in mind that, even for CB Radios, the FCC requires users to follow certain codes of conduct and equipment restrictions. Channel36 (or 38 for LSB) became the unofficial SSB "calling channels" for stations seeking contacts, with the subsequent conversation moving to channels3740. Skip is particularly common on the 11 meter band, which the FCC set aside for CB use among 40 channels ranging from 26.965 MHz to 27.405 MHz. This site is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. [5] Most of the 460470MHz band was reassigned for business and public-safety use; CB ClassA is the forerunner of the General Mobile Radio Service (GMRS). Majority of countries require no license to operate the radio service. https:/. The phenomenon also inspired several popular and country music songs in 1975 and 1976: Betty Ford, the former First Lady of the United States, used the CB handle "First Mama".[11]. CB ClassB is a more distant ancestor of the Family Radio Service. Multiple CB clubs had formed by this time, which assigned call signs to members, exchanged QSL cards, and lobbied for the legalisation of CB. Some links may be affiliate links. Before it was banned, they use the same allocation as the US. A recent FCC decision now allows shooting skip in the United States.[44]. In many countries, CB operation does not require a license, and (unlike amateur radio) it may be used for business or personal communications. This will also improve the ability to "shoot skip" in the 11 meter Citizens Band. The 2530MHz band (including the CB allocations and frequencies above and below the 26.527.860MHz band) is heavily used for taxi cab and other mobile two-way communications systems in Russia, Ukraine and other former USSR country states. Handle with Care) (1977), and Convoy (1978), made heavy reference to the phenomenon, as did television series such as Movin' On (debuted in 1974), The Dukes of Hazzard (debuted in 1979) and the animated series CB Bears (debuted in 1977) helped cement CB radio's status as a nationwide craze in the United States over the mid- to late-1970s. The new RB249 regulations came into effect on January 1, 1978, and the last official registration date for 23channel sets was January 31, 1978. Most offenders are not caught for interfering with other CB users; often, their selfmodified equipment generates harmonics and spurs which cause interference to services outside the citizens band and to consumer equipment. Only 23channels were available at the time; the first 22 were taken from the former amateur radio service 11-meter band, and channel23 was shared with radio-controlled devices. He then goes on to point out that 11-meter signals "can travel to the far corners of the earth. A typical citizen band radio service is a two-way radio system that can be used for personal or business communication. Used mostly by truckers and some off road clubs (4WD) Not extremely reliable, gets pretty crowded on the channels and the language on there can be pretty offensive at times. Frequencies for Digital PMR 446 are from 446.103125 to 446.196875MHz with 6.25kHz channel spacing in 4FSK mode and a power output of 0.5watt. Furthermore, illegal transmitters and amplifiers may not meet good engineering practice for harmonic distortion or "splatter", which may disrupt other communications and make the unapproved equipment obvious to regulators. This helped prevent overcrowding on channel11, enabling a CBer to monitor a town's home channel to contact another CBer from that town instead of a making a general call on channel11. Citizens band is distinct from other personal radio service allocations such as FRS, GMRS, MURS, UHF CB and the Amateur Radio Service ("ham" radio). A callbook is a directory of radio station call signs. ClassB radios had simpler technical requirements, and were limited to a smaller frequency range.
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