Audit of Pentagon spending finds $70 billion in waste. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. Statistical abstract of the United States: 2012. Second, the world today is a much more dangerous place than in the past because of the existence of nuclear weapons. World Report 2021: Philippines | Human Rights Watch policy analysis role of social science was given impetus by the Progressive movement (which had roots in Wisconsin) at the turn of the century, which held that application of the scientific method to political problems could lead to more effective governmental performance. The British Council found in a 2015 study that a majority of professional leaders were graduates of fields in the humanities and social sciences. Their poverty forced many of these women to turn to prostitution to earn an income, resulting in a rise in prostitution after the war (Rafter, 1990). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. On the Social Science Wars | Jennifer L. Hochschild - Harvard University Most ''observable effects of war on the family are the withdrawal of young men from civilian and their entrance into military life, with a consequent increase in socially disapproved forms of behavior; the entrance of women into industry to replace the men drawn into the armed . Killer species. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab. Regarding this fear, former US senator and presidential candidate George McGovern (2011, p. 47), a decorated World War II hero, writes, We need to end the false choice between a bloated budget and a weak spine.. Stopping Americas most lethal export. Social Issues | Causes & Examples - Video & Lesson Transcript - Study.com To be blunt, American troops simply shot untold hundreds of Korean and Vietnamese civilians in cold blood. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. War made easy: How presidents and pundits keep spinning us to death. This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. Image courtesy of Sgt. New York Times, p. A12. What are some social science issues related to war? Leitenberg, M. (2006). Although this is almost an unimaginable number, there is cause for some hope, even as there is also cause for despair. War can lead to various social problems, including child soldier use and homelessness. Perhaps worse, the United States ranks last among the worlds twenty wealthiest democracies in life expectancy and infant mortality and also ranks worst in the risk of dying before age 60. Social science encompasses research on everything related to human society: family life and marriage; education in all its forms; crime both at an individual level and within . His bodys here, but his mind is not here anymore. Military spending: A poor job creator. In 2010, more than 19,000 US military personnel, most of them women, were raped or sexually assaulted (Stalsburg, 2011). Daedalus, 133(4), 2535. Most Americans continued to live their normal lives, whereas most Iraqis had to struggle to survive the many ravages of war. The samples are almost entirely of women, given their higher risk of being sexually assaulted. The following are common examples of a social issue. Fisman, R., & Miguel, E. (2010). Retrieved http://www.cnn.com/. Choose one of the five social institutions. Although the causes of World War II are complex, Hitlers effort to conquer much of Europe stemmed at least partly from his belief that Aryans (Germans and other Europeans with blond hair and blue eyes) were a superior species and non-Aryans were an inferior species (Bess, 2008). There are also many innocent victims in wartime, but when children are victims, our hearts especially go out to them. In addition to psychological and physiological trauma, rape and sexual assault impose huge economic costs on the military because of medical expenses for helping survivors and for prosecuting their rapists. InsideDefense.com NewsStand. occasionally drawing knowledge from natural sciences, math and other studies. Our papers are written to meet your needs, in a personalized manner. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Feinstein, A. Betrayal in the Ranks. (2012). Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. But not all civilians are affected equally. Some eighty years later, the involvement of African Americans in the US armed forces during World War II helped begin the racial desegregation of the military. One of these civilians was a 9-year-old girl named Phan Thi Kim Phuc. Until World War LI, what little policy research and evalua- ORDER NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT: SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment. They suffer terrible physical and mental wounds that can maim them for life (Dao, 2012). Week 1 question 6 identify two social science issues The second period is 19391945, when World War II killed 55 million people. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Open Document. Jobs, hobbies, friends, even parental obligations to young children fall by the wayside. To do so, it routinely deployed chemical weapons such as Agent Orange (dioxin, a known carcinogen), napalm, and white phosphorous. As these numbers make clear, military personnel who commit rape and sexual assault almost always avoid any punishment. Feb. 24, 2023 A team of researchers has highlighted human-wildlife conflict as one of the globe's most pressing human development and conservation dilemmas. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.cfr.org/defense-policy-and-budget/slashing-americas-defense-suicidal-trajectory/p26989. New York Times, p. B4. Critics say these exports help fuel the worldwide arms race and international discord. Health care expenses for survivors amount to almost $1 billion annually, and the cost of prosecution amounts to $19 million annually (Stalsburg, 2011). The nation rightly grieved these deaths when they occurred and built monuments, such as the Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in Washington, DC, that list the names of the dead. Most of these victims were civilians, and most of these civilian deaths were the result of actions by the United States and its allies. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Quality and affordable writing services. Holland, J. Other types of less obvious social changes have also resulted from various wars. They add that the exports often go to nations ruled by dictators, who then use them to threaten their own people (Feinstein, 2011; Shah, 2011). Hartung, W. D. (2012). Combining data on both types of exports, the United States sent $12.2 billion in arms deliveries to other nations in 2010. Analysis of the FY2012 defense budget. This fear can take a psychological toll on all members of these families, but perhaps especially on children. Second, war is more readily solvable than many other human afflictions. One of the many sad truisms of war is that its impact on a society is greatest when the war takes place within the societys boundaries. The United States has been at war in one-fifth of the years it has existed (Bumiller, 2010). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. According to a recent estimate, $1 billion spent by the Pentagon creates 11,200 jobs, but the same $1 billion spent in other sectors would create 16,800 clean energy jobs, 17,200 health-care jobs, and 26,700 education jobs (Pollin & Garrett-Peltier, 2011). What happened to a leaner, meaner military. Halperin, S. (2004). When the war began, a sort of truce developed between management and labor, as workers wanted to appear patriotic by supporting the war effort and hoped that they would win important labor rights for doing so. All these killings were outright slaughter. We need to confront them to ensure equal treatment for everyone. Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. The shadow world: Inside the global arms trade. A List of 470 Powerful Social Issues Essay Topics - Knowledge Base The U.S. military does not need or want all officers to become social scientist researchers, but applied social science can nevertheless help develop strategic thinking because it: (1) focuses on human behavior and influence; (2) develops comfort with competing theories; (3) requires creativity; and (4) uses evidence and iteration to better . Determining the Prevalence of Rape and Sexual Assault in the Military. The following are illustrative examples of contemporary issues. Yet some inexorable force seems to impel both governments (and peoples) in that direction. Historically and also today, nations in the Middle East and elsewhere have gone to war or are otherwise in conflict because of religious differences. As its name implies, mandatory spending is required by various laws and includes such things as Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, and interest payments on the national debt. In making this very important decision, Europe has chosen butter over guns. Our specialists will write a custom essay on any topic for $13.00 $10.40/page. The deaths of others: The fate of civilians in Americas wars. [Solved] Identify two social science issues related to war and two Martinez, L., & Bingham, A. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind. As historians and political scientists have often described, wars have a significant economic and political impact. In support of this evolutionary argument, some scientists note that chimpanzees and other primates also engage in group aggression against others of their species (Wrangham, 2004). Arias, O. Outline both sides to the debate over the size of the US military budget. Critics of the military budget argue that it is more accurate to cite its share of discretionary spending rather than its share of all federal spending (i.e., mandatory plus discretionary). Looking after the soldier, back home and damaged. (2009). Even if they are less frequent and less deadly than in the past, that is of little comfort to the tens of millions of people around the world during the past century who died or otherwise suffered in war and other armed conflict and who live in fear today of becoming a victim of armed conflict. As the text discusses, most military women who are raped or sexually assaulted do not report these crimes to military authorities. When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). Social Issues are any behavior or circumstance that impacts most members of a community. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. Contemporary issues are problems and opportunities that are relevant to present day life and politics. Social Studies College answered Identify two social issues related to war See answers Advertisement theblastmaster2000xd Answer: Class war is the most promitent in the united states right now (Coming from a communist and whos father was in the BPP) Explanation: That is a perspective I did not think about. Washington, DC: Author. Once they were evacuated, their villages were designated free fire zones, and then often bombed indiscriminately once again, killing any villagers who managed to remain in these zones despite the evacuations. As this overview of the debate over military spending indicates, the military remains a hot topic more than two decades after the Cold War ended following the demise of the Soviet Union. War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. Victims of military rape deserve justice. The Social Sciences in the Philippines : Reflections on Trends and As large as it is, the $768 billion just cited as the official figure for the US military budget is misleading in at least two ways. Why we should help veterans start their own businesses. One social science issue related to war is the effects of war on the mental health of the service members . This latter fact needs some explanation. Explain why war is best understood as a social phenomenon and why nations go to war. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress. Top social science questions | Daria Gritsenko, PhD - Helsinki Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. The idea is not newin the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars it was articulated, for example, by Tolstoy in the concluding chapter of War and Peace (1865-69). 9.5 million children receiving low-income health care (Medicaid), 1.7 million students receiving full-tuition scholarships at state universities, 1.6 million Head Start slots for children. He applauds the Korean and Vietnam memorials in Washington, but he laments that neither mentions the people of those countries who perished in the conflicts (Tirman, 2012, p. B01). US veterans: By the numbers. A popular explanation comes from the field of evolutionary biology and claims that a tendency toward warfare is hardwired into our genetic heritage because it conferred certain evolutionary advantages. A.I.D.E. Research Topics | Pew Research Center Amherst, MA: Political Economy Research Institutes. In 2011, military spending (defense outlays by the Department of Defense and certain other agencies; outlays include costs for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars) according to the government was approximately $768 billion. She also refused to display the American flag, saying, When I looked at the American flag, I used to see red, white, and blue. Experts disagree over this issue. This article covers the concept of social issues and highlights the different experiences of rural and urban sectors. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. If we say the history of the United States has been written in war, that is not too much of an exaggeration. Unwarranted Influence: Dwight D. Eisenhower and the military-industrial complex. Retrieved from http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories. There is the natural fear that loved ones will never return from their overseas involvement in armed conflict. First, war, terrorism, genocide, and other armed conflicts do continue. The war: A trillion can be cheap. More than 20,000 nuclear warheads now exist; 4,800 are operational and almost 2,000 (held by the United States and Russia) are on high alert, ready to be used at any time (Federation of American Scientists, 2011). Many antiwar protests in the United States focused on the civilian suffering from napalm. The Washington Post. First, the human brain is far more advanced than the brains of other primates, and genetic instincts that might drive these primates behavior do not necessarily drive human behavior. Around the globe, US military bases generate resentment, not security. Only about one-seventh of these victims reported their rapes and sexual assaults. Some major problems (other than the listed ones) in social science research (ssr) are: (1) evolving a sound methodology for collection of field data (2) interpretations of field data in relation . Napalm bombs were used in World War II to set fire to cities, military bunkers, and other targets. Reinventing Social Science in the Military: Lessons Learned from the Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Social Justice Issues After Ww2 - 119 Words | 123 Help Me They are countries that are using children as soldiers to dragging them and preventing them from going to school. The Best Social Studies Topics and Tips - CustomEssayMeister.com In political science (as in other fields in the social sciences from economics to anthropology) there has been a kind of simmering war being waged between quantitative and qualitative researchers - and the new journal was, in part, meant to heal the rift. The suicide rate of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is thus more than three times higher than that of the general public (Martinez & Bingham, 2011). The cause for despair is twofold. More than 100 million soldiers and civilians are estimated to have died during the international and civil wars of the twentieth century (Leitenberg, 2006). Racism and Religion Discrimination. That problem is rape, as at least one-fifth and perhaps as many as 84 percent of all military service are raped or sexually assaulted (including sexual harassment) by other military personnel (Turchik & Wilson, 2010). (2012, February 17). In 2010, the US official military budget (defense outlays only) was $698 billion. Wells, T. (1994). Each F-35 costs about $300 million. The authors, by reviewing the recent work of several behavioral and social science disciplines concerned with the impact of war upon society, suggest that the study of war's social ramifications has been characterized by the publication of empirical work that neglects, to some extent, the larger sociological implications of war as well as its The better angels of our nature: Why violence has declined. Reid Kasprowicz A Flag for the Fallen CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. Danner, M. (2006). The attention just given to civilians should in no way obscure or minimize the fact that veterans are also casualties of war. Military preparedness does not come cheap. Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues . Identify two social science issues related to war 1 When these costs are taken into account, the total 2011 military budget ranged between an estimated $1.2 trillion and $1.4 trillion (Friends Committee on National Legislation, 2012; War Resisters League, 2012). Edward B. Tylor concluded his survey of human culture with the remark that "the science of culture is essentially a reformer's science" (1958[1871]:539).A.
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